INTRODUCTION TO INTERNET AND WEB

INTERNET

 It is the largest network in the world that connects hundreds of thousands of individual networks all over the world.

 The popular term for the Internet is the

“information highway”.

 Rather than moving through geographical space, it moves your ideas and information through cyberspace – the space of electronic movement of ideas and information.

No one owns it

 It has no formal management organization.

 As it was originally developed by the Department of defense, this lack of centralization made it less vulnerable to wartime or terrorist attacks.

 To access the Internet, an existing network need to pay a small registration fee and agree to certain standards based on the TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) .

HISTORY OF INTERNET

ARPANET was the network that became the basis for the Internet.

Based on a concept first published in 1967, ARPANET was developed under the direction of the U.S. Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA).

•In 1969,    the    idea    became    a    modest    reality    with    the interconnection  of  four  university  computers.  The  initial  purpose was to communicate with and share computer resources among mainly scientific users at the connected institutions.

USES OF INTERNET

Send e-mail messages.

 Send (upload) or receive (down load) files between

computers.

 Participate in discussion groups, such as mailing lists and newsgroups.

 Surfing the web.

WHAT IS WEB

 The Web (World Wide Web) consists of information organized into Web pages containing text and graphic images.

 It contains hypertext links, or highlighted keywords and images that lead to related information.

 A collection of linked Web pages that has a common theme or focus is called a Web site.

 The main page that all of the pages on a particular Web site are organized around and link back to is called the site’s home page.

HOW TO ACCES THE INTERNET

 Many schools and businesses have direct access to the Internet using special high-speed communication lines and equipment.

 Students and employees can access through the organization’s local area

networks (LAN) or through their own personal computers.

 Another way to access the Internet is through Internet Service Provider

(ISP).

 To access the Internet, an existing network need

to pay a small registration fee and agree to certain standards based on the TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) reference model.

 Each organization pays for its own networks and its own telephone bills, but those costs usually exist independent of the internet.

 The regional Internet companies route and

forward all traffic.

INTERNET SERVICE PROVIDER

A commercial organization with permanent connection to the Internet

that sells temporary connections to subscribers.

 Examples:

 Simba nét, Africs Online,TTCL, Microsoft network, Vodacom e.t.c.

HOW TO ACCESS THE WEB

Once you have your Internet connection, then you need special software called a browser to access the Web.

 Web browsers are used to connect you to remote computers, open and transfer files, display text and images.

 Web browsers are specialized programs.

 Examples of Web browser: Netscape Navigator (Navigator) and Internet

Explorer.